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Neuron C Programmer’s Guide 1
1
Overview
This chapter introduces the Neuron C Version 2.2
programming language. It describes the basic aspects of the
language and provides an overview to using the L
ONWORKS
platform and the Neuron C programming language to
construct interoperable devices and systems. The chapter
also introduces key concepts of Neuron C such as event-
driven scheduling, network variables, configuration
properties, and functional blocks (which are
implementations of functional profiles).
A secondary purpose of this chapter is to introduce
fundamental material on Neuron C concerning Neuron C
types, storage classes, data objects, and how the Neuron C
language compares to the ANSI C language.
- C Programmer’s Guide 1
- Welcome 3
- Audience 3
- Related Documentation 4
- Table of Contents 7
- What Is Neuron C? 14
- Unique Aspects of Neuron C 15
- Neuron C Integer Constants 16
- Neuron C Variables 17
- Neuron C Variable Types 17
- Neuron C Storage Classes 18
- Variable Initialization 19
- Neuron C Declarations 19
- Configuration Properties 21
- Driven Protocols 23
- Low-Level Messaging 23
- I/O Devices 23
- Functions 25
- Focusing on a Single Device 27
- When Clauses 28
- When Statement 29
- Predefined Events 30
- Event Processing 32
- Reset Event 33
- User-Defined Events 34
- Scheduling of When Clauses 34
- Priority When Clauses 35
- Function Prototypes 36
- Declaring Timers 37
- Examples 38
- The timer_expires Event 38
- Input/Output 39
- I/O Object Types 40
- Device Self-Documentation 42
- Dimmer Switch 46
- Fixed Timers 48
- With a 10 MHz Input Clock 49
- With Other Clock Speeds 50
- Repeating Timers 51
- Accuracy of Second Timers 52
- Delay Functions 52
- EEPROM Write Timer 53
- Network Variables 55
- Major Topics 56
- When Updates Occur 59
- Declaring Network Variables 59
- Connecting Network Variables 61
- Network Variable Events 63
- The nv_update_occurs Event 63
- Neuron C Reference 64
- Preemption Mode 65
- Variables 67
- Tradeoffs 68
- Polling Network Variables 68
- Monitoring Network Variables 77
- Authentication 78
- How Authentication Works 79
- Validating a Type Change 84
- Processing a Type Change 85
- Processing a Size Change 86
- Rejecting a Type Change 87
- Changeable-Type Example 87
- // for details 93
- } // bConversionOK 93
- } // SetCurrent() 93
- Configure Device Behavior 95
- ONWORKS file transfer 97
- Device Property Lists 101
- Neuron C Reference Guide 102
- Device Interface 104
- Sharing of Configuration 104
- Properties 104
- Instantiation 107
- Using Functional Blocks to 113
- Implement a Device Interface 113
- Overview 114
- Technical 115
- Resources 115
- The Director Function 118
- Scope Rules 121
- Behavior 127
- Application Messages 129
- ONWORKS 130
- Layers of Neuron Software 131
- Constructing a Message 132
- Message Tags 133
- Message Codes 133
- Management 133
- Block Transfers of Data 136
- Sending a Message 137
- Receiving a Message 138
- The msg_arrives Event 138
- The msg_receive( ) Function 139
- Application Message Examples 141
- Lamp Program 141
- Switch Program 141
- Connecting Message Tags 142
- Explicit Addressing 142
- Service 143
- Message Completion Events 143
- Messages 145
- Preemption Mode and Messages 146
- Constructing a Response 149
- Sending a Response 150
- Receiving a Response 150
- The resp_arrives Event 150
- The resp_receive( ) Function 151
- Format of a Response 151
- Request/Response Examples 152
- Application Buffers 154
- Memory Management 155
- Neuron C 155
- Reference Guide 155
- Additional Features 157
- The Scheduler 158
- Scheduler Reset Mechanism 158
- Interrupts 159
- Scheduler Example 160
- Bypass Mode 161
- The post_events( ) Function 161
- Watchdog Timer 162
- Additional Predefined Events 163
- Wink Event 164
- Interrupt Sources 165
- I/O Interrupts 166
- Timer/Counter Interrupts 166
- Defining an Interrupt Task 167
- )]',255min(,0max[ Zn = 171
- Interrupt Latency 174
- Debugging Interrupt Tasks 176
- Sleep Mode 177
- Putting the Device to Sleep 178
- Forced Sleep 179
- Error Handling 180
- Resetting the Device 181
- Restarting the Application 181
- Disabling a Functional Block 182
- Logging Application Errors 183
- System Errors 183
- Memory Use 186
- RAM Use 186
- EEPROM Use 186
- Using Neuron Chip Memory 188
- Chips with Off-Chip Memory 188
- Memory Regions 189
- Memory Areas 190
- Default Memory Usage 192
- Declarations) 193
- Compiler Directives 196
- When the Program Is Relinked 196
- Use of Flash Memory 196
- Reallocating On-Chip EEPROM 200
- Address Table 200
- Alias Table 201
- Domain Table 202
- Allocating Buffers 202
- Application Buffer Size 203
- Buffer Size 203
- Network Buffer Size 204
- Buffer Counts 204
- Outgoing Application Buffers 206
- Outgoing Network Buffers 206
- Incoming Network Buffers 207
- Incoming Application Buffers 207
- (20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30, 34) 208
- (20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30, 34 208
- (20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30) 209
- Neuron Chip 211
- Template File 212
- Initialization Actions 214
- Be Aware of Library Usage 215
- Observe Declaration Order 216
- Use Function Calls Liberally 218
- Use C Operators Effectively 219
- Using the Link Map 221
- Stand-Alone Tools 224
- Common Stand-Alone Tool Use 224
- Common Syntax 224
- Common Set of Basic Commands 226
- Neuron C Compiler 227
- Neuron Assembler 228
- Neuron Linker 228
- Neuron Exporter 229
- Neuron Librarian 231
- Neuron C Function Libraries 232
- Definitions 234
- Advantages of a Library 235
- Disadvantages of a Library 235
- Providing a Large RAM Space 246
- Neuron C Language 249
- Characteristics 250
- Translation (J.3.1) 250
- Environment (J.3.2) 251
- Identifiers (J.3.3) 251
- Characters (J.3.4) 252
- Integers (J.3.5) 253
- Floating Point (J.3.6) 254
- Arrays and Pointers (J.3.7) 254
- Standard) 254
- Hints (J.3.8) 255
- (J.3.9) 255
- Qualifiers (J.3.10) 256
- Library Functions (J.3.12) 257
- 248 Index 260
- 250 Index 262
- ONWORKS messages, 9 263
- 252 Index 264
- 254 Index 266
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